Assumptions:
Assume that an investor sells 10 Apple Computer listed
calls with a strike price of 150 expiring in Jan 2010 for
$46,700 when the stock is trading at $156.34 on
October 1, 2007. In the first part of this article, to keep this
article as simple as possible, we are assuming the investor
holds no stock or ESOs. Assume also that he holds this
position until the listed calls expire.
Stock Unchanged
If the stock is unchanged, he will be assigned the
exercise notice and will be now short 1000 shares of
stock. Had he covered the sale (write) of the Jan 2010
calls right before they expired, he would have a profit
of of $40,360 which is short term capital gain when
covered.
If he buys the stock back at $156.34 immediately
after the assignment, again the gain is $40,360, which
is short term capital gain .
If he stays short, he will have made the $40,360 without
any immediate tax. If he then buys 13 slightly in the
money Jan 2011 listed calls, he still has not created a
tax bill. Although his two positions do indeed offset each
other, they are not "substantially identical" for the
Constructive Sale Rule Section 1259.
But there must be concern here because the amount
of value that an investor pays for the Jan 2010 calls considers
that the short seller gets the use of the proceeds of the
sale, which unless he is are a market maker or very large
trader he does not get. However in times of practically
" near zero" interest rate, the lost value is very small. Still
the investor should be looking for opportunities to buy that
stock back in whole or part and hedge that purchase if
desired. If the investor has accumulated substantial capital
losses that he can take he may wish to cover the stock
position and take the gain.
Stock Advances
If the stock goes up substantially after expiration and
assignment, the purchase of the stock should be made
in order to eliminate the short stock position because there is
no tax advantage to holding the position. His decision as to
whether to sell calls against the closing purchase depends on
the grantee's willingness to continue to be short or not.
If the stock instead of staying the same after the
2.3 years, went to 220 prior to expiration, the written calls
would be worth $70,000 giving a $23,300 loss, which
can be deducted as a short term capital loss if covered.
If the options are assigned, the investor should buy the
short stock back immediately and sell other calls if he
wish to remain short deltas. This would not be a Wash Sale
under IRS Section 1091, since the calls sold would not be
"substantially identical" with the purchase of the stock.
John Olagues